A first for the Grenspark: eDNA as a tool for monitoring the crested newt
For the first time in the Grenspark, the eDNA(environmental DNA) method was used to check the ponds in the area for the presence of crested newts. eDNA is a new technique that uses environmental samples to search for the DNA of a particular target species: in this case, the crested newt. Like all other animals, crested newts leave a small amount of DNA wherever they go via their skin cells or droppings. Through water sampling, we can investigate whether this salamander species is present in the fens or pools or was present in the recent past. To sample a pond, water is collected at a fixed volume, from different places in the pond. These samples then end up in a mixing sample that is passed through a very fine filter that does not allow DNA to pass through. This filter then goes to the lab, where it is examined for the presence of crested newt DNA.
Until recently, monitoring of the crested newt population in the Grenspark was only done by placing traps. This way, you can catch the salamanders and estimate the number of animals in the pond. You can also look at the unique pattern on the belly of the crested newts and add it to a large database. Because of this unique pattern, each individual can be recognised. Through monitoring with traps, one tries to find out in which pools there are actually crested newts and where they are absent. If no crested newts are caught with the traps, two conclusions can be drawn. Either there are no crested newts in the pool, or you were unable to catch the crested newts with your traps. eDNA offers a solution to this uncertain conclusion.
We are still waiting for the results.